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After a child was admitted in 1981 following an accident where cryoprecipitate "failed to do the job that was asked of it on that occasion", Dr Dempsey's "confidence in cryoprecipitate" was shaken.

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In August 1980, cryoprecipitate was used "fairly exclusively" in the Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children haemophilia unit.

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Dr Dempsey stated that there were no separate annual returns for the royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children. The returns were amalgamated with the adult haemophilia centre at the Royal Victoria Hospital and sent to Oxford "as a unified whole."

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In Belfast, children with bleeding disorders were treated at the Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children until around the age of 14. They were then transferred to the haemophilia centre at the Royal Victoria Hospital.

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According to Dr Dempsey, in regards non-A non-B Hepatitis, around 1980 there was a "general feeling" amongst clinicians that it was not a major concern, but there were patients who did have evidence of chronic liver disease.

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Dr Dempsey recalled that non-A non-B Hepatitis was not thought sufficiently serious to merit withdrawal of "the only really effective treatment for severe/moderate haemophilia" in reference to factor concentrate.

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Dr Dempsey understood there was still a risk of non-A non-B Hepatitis from commercial concentrates, but there was also a risk from NHS concentrates. He acknowledged that the risk with cryoprecipitate was "very much reduced risk."

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Dr Dempsey described batch dedication as "extremely difficult" and as something that ultimately did not work.

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Dr Dempsey had gathered from reading UKHCDO minutes that things had improved considerably in relation to the safety of commercial concentrates.

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Dr Dempsey recalled that the pharmaceutical firms, mostly Armour, were "keen to emphasise the fact that they'd tightened up on the type of donor they looked to for their plasma source" and reassured him that he was "disposed to look favourably on commercial concentrates at that point in time."

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Children at the RBHSC with moderate haemophilia were treated with these commercial concentrates; children with mild haemophilia were treated with DDAVP and tranexamic acid.

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Dr Dempsey's patients who would have been treated with commercial concentrates and SNBTS concentrates - were infected with Hepatitis C.

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Dr Dempsey was not aware, that BPL was producing a product at this time (8Y) which did not transmit hepatitis; had he known about it, he would have phoned BPL and requested a supply.

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Dr Dempsey continued to use SNBTS concentrates until he became aware of the infection of patients in Edinburgh. He used the heat-treated product NY until July 1987 when the next generation product Z8 became available. He was aware that non-A non-B Hepatitis could still be transmitted by NY.

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Dr Dempsey would not have used concentrate at all "given what was likely - or what was going to happen further down the road." The NHS product might have been a "better modality of treatment" to have employed back in 1981.

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Dr Winter told the Penrose Inquiry that by December 1982 it should have been clear to clinicians that AIDS was a disorder transmissible by blood and blood products and that it was "the only clinical interpretation of the data that was available."

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A paper titled "Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: Infection and Neoplasia in Homosexual Men and Intravenous Drug Addicts" was presented to the Second International Symposium on Infections in the Immunocompromised Host. The paper named blood as a potential vehicle of AIDS infection.

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In his letter to The Lancet, Dr Jones recommended "continued, careful surveillance of the severely affected haemophilic population." Yet it made no mention of a virus as an infective agent.

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In a letter to the Press Council, Dr Jones lodged a formal complaint about an article on The Mail on Sunday with the headline "Hospitals using killer blood". He argued that there was no proof that a virus was the cause of AIDS nor that it was imported from the US.

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In a letter to colleagues, Dr Jones stressed that the link between AIDS and Haemophilia is weak and warned against withdrawing Factor 8 treatment.

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